Chinese tallow is a popular ornamental tree because it grows quickly, has attractive fall color, and resists many pests. It is usually a small tree that grows to about 20 feet tall, but some can reach up to 50 feet. The tree branches freely, with leaves arranged alternately along the stems. The leaves have pointed tips, smooth edges, and broadly ovate blades with rounded bases.

Chinese tallow produces flowers that attract bees and other insects. Its fruit is a three‑lobed capsule that ripens from August to November. The tree is deciduous and develops a strong, deep taproot, which helps young trees survive periods of drought. Seeds are spread mainly by birds and moving water.

Threat

Chinese tallow can invade almost any habitat, including wet or dry areas and sites with full sun or shade. It often grows along roadsides, coastal areas, and streams. Some trees can produce up to 100,000 seeds, which may be eaten and dispersed by birds. The tree can also regrow from cut stumps or roots.

Once established, Chinese tallow crowds out native species. Its leaves and fruit are toxic to cattle and can cause nausea and other illnesses in humans.

Control

Prevention is one of the most effective strategies for managing Chinese tallow. Landowners and homeowners are encouraged to remove mature trees and seedlings from their property. Seedlings should be pulled by hand before they mature. Suitable replacement trees include blackgum, maples, dogwood, and crape myrtles.

Mature trees should be cut down with a chainsaw. The final cut should be made level and as close to the ground as possible. This helps prevent resprouting and allows for easier herbicide application. Seedling trees can be controlled by mowing or disking while they are small. Burning is also effective for both young and mature trees.

There are currently no biological control agents available for Chinese tallow. However, control can be achieved by applying triclopyr‑ester in an oil‑based mixture.